Neurological disorders come disorders that affect a central nervous system (brain, brainstem and cerebellum), the peripheral nervous system (peripheral nerves - cranial nerves) included), or even a autonomic nervous system (parts of which are then located in two exchange & peripheral nervous body). Major conditions include: headache disorders such as migraine and tension headache (cluster headache) episodic conditions like seizures and the epilepsies neurodegenerative disorders, the usual class existence dementias, including Alzheimer's disease cerebrovascular disease, like transient ischemic attacks, and strokes (ischemic or hemorrhagic) sleep disorders cerebral palsy bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic infections of the central nervous system (encephalitis), brain envelopes (meningitis) and peripheral device nerves (neuritis), such as brain abscess, herpetic meningoencephalitis, aspergilloma, cerebral hydatic cyst, tetanus, botulism neoplasms - tumors of the brain and its envelopes (brain tumors), spinal cord tumors, tumors of the peripheral nerves (neuroma) movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, chorea, hemibalism demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, like multiple sclerosis, and of the peripheral nervous system, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) spinal cord disorders - tumors, infections, trauma, malformations (e.g. myelocelle, meningomyelocelle, tethered cord) disorders of peripheral nerves, muscle and neuromuscular junctions traumatic injuries to the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves stupor & coma have the variety of drives (metabolic disturbances, intoxications, mechanical induces - any problem leading to a important increase inside intracranial pressure) visual extinction

Brain doctor come responsible diagnosing & caring for 100% of a above conditions, except for surgical interventions, which fall into the responsibility of brain surgeon, & within a select few subjects interventional neuroradiologists. Around the few countries, extra legal responsibilities of a brain doctor include making the selecting of brain death when it is suspected that the patient is deceased, and filing the necessary paperwork for issuing of a death certificate.

Although several mental illnesses are believed to be neurological disorders affecting a central nervous system, traditionally they are classified on an individual basis, & treated by psychiatrists. Within the 2002 review in the American Journal of Psychiatry, Professor Joseph B. Martin, Dean of Harvard Medical School and a neurologist by training, wrote that 'the separation of the two categories is arbitrary, often influenced by beliefs rather than proven scientific observations. & a fact that a brain & mind come of these makes a separation unreal anyway.' (Martin JB. A integration of neurology, psychopathology & neuroscience in the 21st century. Am J Psychological medicine 2002; 159:695-704)

There are heavy indications that neuro-chemical mechanisms play an significant role in the development of, for example, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Too, 'neurologic' diseases typically develop 'psychiatrical' manifestations, like post-stroke depression, depression and dementia associated with Parkinson's disease, mood and cognitive dysfunctions in Alzheimer's disease, to name a few. Hence, no acutely distinction between neurology and psychiatry on a biological basis - this distinction has chiefly practical reasons & hard historical roots (like a dominance of Freud's psychoanalytic theory in psychiatric mentation in the 1st 3 living quarters of the 20th century - which has since so been largely replaced per center neurosciences - aided by the wow advances around genetics and neuroimaging recently.)